To let comparisons with earlier studies, we along with used nonspatial need-recapture remedies for estimate mature jaguar thickness (see Appendix B to possess steps and you will results).
Estimating cub density and you can populace framework
I projected densities independently for men, reproductive female, and you may nonreproductive lady. I attempted to complement designs to observations out-of cubs, but their sparse grab records failed to give sufficient investigation having a maximum possibilities studies. To guess cub density, i increased new reproductive lady occurrence from our most readily useful design because of the suggest quantity of cubs for each reproductive girls https://datingmentor.org/tr/asiame-inceleme/. Such rates invited formula out-of total jaguar density and you will population framework for men, nonreproductive females, reproductive lady, and you can cubs.
Abilities
Our very own complete sampling work try a dozen,302 camera pitfall-evening. I received 1465 captures, in addition to 1369 which have identifiable somebody (Dining table step 1). As a whole, i understood 42 jaguars, as well as fourteen adult men, 14 adult female, and you can 14 cubs. Of the 14 photographed mature women, eight was positively recreating and you may snap having cubs (Photo D1, D2). Although we inserted equal amounts of boys, ladies, and you may cubs in the analysis town, the fresh just take volume each and every category differed: 58% away from known photographs were that from males (798 catches), 33% regarding recognizable grabs were the ones from women (452), and simply 9% have been that from cubs (119). Normally, men have been captured 56 minutes for every single, women 32 times, and you can cubs only 9 minutes. Reproductive girls had a bit higher total number of catches than just nonreproductive women (257 in place of 195, respectively) and higher average level of catches per private (38 in place of twenty eight). Reproductive lady was in fact more often grabbed by yourself (109 times) than with cubs (69 grabs) over the course of identified little ones dependence. Alternatively, cubs was in fact recorded with greater regularity through its parents (83 private captures) than simply alone (thirty-six catches).
Thickness quotes away from mature jaguars
Of the 32 models analyzed with the secr package with sex/reproductive status and sessions as covariates, those which did not allow density to vary across sessions obtained the lowest AICc values. In contrast, models assuming density variation across sessions received less support (Tables 2, C1). The top secr model for adult jaguars included an effect of sex/female reproductive status on D, ? 0, and ? and between session variation in ? 0. All three parameters differed significantly between sex/reproductive status groups (Table 3). Baseline detection probability was lowest for reproductive females (0.04 on average), whereas nonreproductive females had the greatest baseline detectability (0.13 on average) and males intermediate (0.08 on average) to the two female reproductive classes. Males had the largest values of estimated movement distribution (? = 2.97 ± 0.09 km), while reproductive and nonreproductive females obtained smaller ? values (2.04 ± 0.11 and 2.32 ± 0.19 km, respectively). Estimated densities were higher for reproductive females and males (1.97 ± 0.33 and 1.62 ± 0.22 individuals/ 100 km 2 , respectively) than for nonreproductive females (0.85 ± 0.19 individuals/100 km 2 ). In total, the best model estimated 4.44 ± 1.16 adult jaguars/100 km 2 (Table 3).
Cub occurrence and you may jaguar inhabitants design
Out-of observations of your seven reproductive women with young ones inside study months, we estimated step one.64 cubs for each and every reproductive people on average. As well, you to cub are registered by yourself on a single occasion together with an as yet not known mom. I excluded so it lone observance regarding further analysis. On the basis of reproductive females thickness on most readily useful model, we projected step three.23 cubs/100 kilometer 2 on research city. Therefore, i estimated a total density out-of 7.67 jaguars/a hundred kilometer dos . Jaguar inhabitants framework try 21% adult men, 11% nonreproductive girls, 26% reproductive ladies, and you can 42% cubs (Dining table 3).